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- INTERNET SOCIETY
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- B Y - L A W S
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- ARTICLE I
- OFFICES
-
- Section 1. The principal office of The Internet Society shall be in the
- Area of Metropolitan Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
-
- Section 2. The Society may also have offices at such other places as the
- Board of Trustees may from time to time determine or the affairs of the
- Society may require.
-
-
- ARTICLE II
- INITIAL PERIOD OF OPERATIONS
-
- Section 1. These By-Laws shall be interpreted, and the activities of the
- Society pursuant to its Articles of Incorporation and these By-Laws shall
- be conducted, as far as practicable, to preserve the continuity of the
- operations of the Society from the time it was previously established and
- operating in a form of organization not involving incorporation as a
- separate entity.
-
- Section 2. The Society's "Initial Period of Operations," which is referred
- to elsewhere in these By-Laws, shall be for a period of three years from
- June 15, 1992.
-
-
- ARTICLE III
- BOARD OF TRUSTEES
-
- Section 1. The Board of Trustees of the Society shall consist of not
- more than twenty Trustees (excluding any non-voting Trustees) unless and
- until such number is changed by action of the Board of Trustees. The
- persons designated in the Articles of Incorporation as the initial Trustees
- shall hold office for a portion of, or all of, the Society's Initial Period of
- Operations until such time as their respective successors are appointed or
- elected and qualify. Each Trustee appointed or elected thereafter shall hold
- office for a term of three years, except when some shorter term is specified
- by the Board of Trustees with respect to the appointment or election of a
- particular Trustee. Only Regular Individual Members of the Society shall
- be eligible to serve on the Board of Trustees.
-
- Section 2. The Board of Trustees is authorized, from time to time, to
- appoint, or to make arrangements for the election of, Trustees, by the
- Regular Individual Members of the Society (as defined in Article VI, Section
- 3, Clause (1), of these By-Laws), such that the total number of Trustees
- shall be not in excess of twenty (excluding any non-voting Trustees). Each
- of the Charter Members of the Society (as specified in Article VI, Section
- 2, of these By-Laws) shall at all times have a right to designate one
- Trustee who shall thereupon be appointed by the Board; with this
- exception, any vacancy which arises because a Trustee has ceased to serve
- may be filled for the remainder of the unexpired term. All Trustees
- appointed by the Board shall be by the affirmative vote of at least four-
- fifths of the members of the Board of Trustees then in office. The Board
- shall seek to have among the Trustees representative individuals from
- industry, from educational and nonprofit organizations and from
- government. The Board may also make such arrangements as it deems
- appropriate for the terms of the Trustees to be staggered, including the
- terms of the Initial Trustees. A Trustee may serve additional terms
- provided that the number of successive terms shall not exceed two, except
- that service as a Trustee during the Initial Period of Operations shall not
- be counted in this computation.
-
- Section 3. All actions taken by the Board pursuant to Sections 1 and
- 2 of this Article III shall require the affirmative vote of at least four-fifths
- of the members of the Board of Trustees then in office.
-
- Section 4. The Trustees shall not receive any compensation (apart from
- reimbursement of expenses) for their services as Trustees, but this shall not
- preclude reasonable compensation for services rendered to the Society by
- a Trustee in some other capacity.
-
- Section 5. The affairs of the Society shall be directed by its Board of
- Trustees. The President of the Society shall submit to the Board, at least
- one month prior to the beginning of each fiscal year, a budget for the
- Society's coming fiscal year, for the Board's consideration and approval.
-
- Section 6. Meetings of the Board of Trustees shall be held at least
- annually and at any place designated by the Board.
-
- Section 7. Special meetings of the Board of Trustees may be called at
- any time by the Board, or by the Executive Committee if one be
- constituted, or by vote at a meeting of the Board, or by the President of
- the Society, or by the Executive Director of the Society, or by a majority
- of the members of the Board of Trustees then in office. Special meetings
- may be held at such place or places as may be designated from time to
- time by the Board; in the absence of such designation, such meetings shall
- be held at such place or places as may be designated in the call.
-
- Section 8. Notice of the place and time of each meeting of the Board
- shall be served on each Trustee, by Internet mail or by oral, telegraphic or
- other written notice, duly served on or sent or mailed to him or her at
- least thirty days before the date of the meeting, except that if a meeting
- is held pursuant to Section 9 of this Article then seven calendar days
- notice shall suffice.
-
- Section 9. Any or all of the Trustees may participate in a meeting of
- the Board of Trustees, or of a committee of the Board, by means of
- conference telephone or by any means of electronic communication by which
- all persons participating in the meeting are able to communicate
- contemporaneously with one another, and such participation shall constitute
- presence in person at the meeting.
-
- Section 10. At all meetings of the Board, a majority of the members of
- the Board of Trustees then in office (including any ex officio Trustees) shall
- constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of the
- majority of the Trustees present at any meeting at which a quorum is
- present shall be the act of the Board. However, with respect to any action
- for which, under the Society's Articles of Incorporation or By-Laws, a
- greater affirmative vote is expressly required, such express provisions shall
- control; and it is to be noted that such requirements are contained in
- Article 6 of the Articles of Incorporation relating to amendment of the
- Articles of Incorporation, and in these By-Laws in Article III, Sections 1,
- 2, 3 and 13, relating to certain actions by the Board of Trustees, and in
- Article V, Sections 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7, involving certain provisions relating
- to officers and to the Executive Director, and in Article VI, Section 2 (1)(c)
- relating to Charter Members, and in Article VIII, Section 1, relating to
- amendment of the By-Laws. If a quorum shall not be present at any
- meeting of the Board, the Trustees present thereat may adjourn the
- meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the
- meeting, until a quorum shall be present.
-
- Section 11. Any action required to be taken at a meeting of the Board
- of Trustees, or any action which may be taken at a meeting of the Board
- of Trustees, may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing,
- setting forth the action so taken, shall be obtained from all of the Trustees;
- and such consent shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote,
- and may be stated as such.
-
- Section 12. Actions of the Board of Trustees, whether taken at a
- meeting or otherwise, shall be duly recorded in minutes and retained in the
- Society's records.
-
- Section 13. The Board of Trustees, by resolution adopted by the
- affirmative vote of at least four-fifths of the members of the Board of
- Trustees then in office, may designate three or more Trustees to constitute
- an Executive Committee. The Executive Committee, to the extent provided
- in such resolution, shall have and may exercise all of the authority of the
- Board of Trustees in the management of the affairs of the Society (except
- for those matters which, under the Society's Articles of Incorporation or By-
- Laws, expressly require the affirmative vote of at least a majority, or more
- than a majority, of the members of the Board of Trustees then in office).
- The Executive Committee shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings and
- shall report the same to the full Board when required. The affirmative vote
- of a majority of the members of the Board of Trustees then in office may
- terminate the Executive Committee.
-
- Section 14. The Board of Trustees may establish such other Committees
- (other than an Executive Committee) as it deems appropriate to facilitate
- the activities of the Society, provided that no such Committee shall take
- actions reserved to the Board of Trustees or to the Executive Committee.
-
-
- ARTICLE IV
- NOTICES
-
- Section 1. Whenever any notice whatever is required to be given, a
- waiver thereof in writing by the person or persons entitled to such notice,
- whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent
- to the giving of such notice.
-
- Section 2. Attendance of a Trustee at a meeting shall constitute a
- waiver of notice of such meeting except where a Trustee attends a meeting
- for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business
- because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Except as otherwise
- expressly required in the Society's Articles of Incorporation or By-Laws,
- neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular
- or special meeting of the Board of Trustees need be specified in the notice
- or waiver of notice of such meeting.
-
-
- ARTICLE V
- OFFICERS
-
- Section 1. The initial officers of the Society are the President, Treasurer
- and Secretary. Each initial officer shall hold office during the Society's
- Initial Period of Operations, unless at least a majority of the members of
- the Board of Trustees then in office determines that the term shall be
- otherwise. Any vacancy in an officer position shall be filled by an
- individual elected by the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the
- members of the Board of Trustees then in office. Officers shall be selected
- from among the Regular Individual Members of the Society.
-
- Section 2. The officers of the Society shall, at a minimum, consist of a
- President, a Treasurer and a Secretary. Except as specified in Section 1 of
- this Article, each officer shall be elected for a one-year renewable term by
- the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the members of the Board of
- Trustees then in office. After the Society's Initial Period of Operations, the
- President shall be selected from among the members of the Board of
- Trustees who have been elected by the Regular Individual Members of the
- Society. A person shall not hold more than one office at the same time.
-
- Section 3. The Board of Trustees, by the affirmative vote of at least a
- majority of the members of the Board of Trustees then in office, may
- appoint such additional officers as it shall deem necessary.
-
- Section 4. The President of the Society, with the approval of the
- affirmative vote of at least a majority of the members of the Board of
- Trustees then in office, shall have authority to appoint an Executive
- Director of the Society, who shall be responsible for the day-to-day conduct
- of the Society's activities.
-
- Section 5. The Executive Director of the Society, if one is appointed,
- shall serve ex officio as a non-voting member of the Board of Trustees.
-
- Section 6. The officers of the Society shall not receive any compensation
- (apart from reimbursement of expenses) for their services as officers, but
- this shall not preclude reasonable compensation for services rendered to the
- Society by an officer in some other capacity.
-
- Section 7. The officers of the Society shall hold office until their
- respective successors are chosen and qualify. Any officer of the Society may
- be removed by the Board of Trustees, by the affirmative vote of at least
- four-fifths of the members of the Board of Trustees then in office, whenever
- in their judgment the best interests of the Society will be served thereby.
-
- Section 8. The officers of the Society shall each have such powers and
- duties as generally pertain to their respective offices, as well as such
- powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred by the Board of
- Trustees or by the President of the Society.
-
- Section 9. Unless otherwise directed by the Board of Trustees, the
- President of the Society, or in the event of the President's inability to act,
- such other officer as may be designated by the Board or by the President
- to act in the absence of the President, shall have full power and authority
- on behalf of the Society to attend and to act and to vote at any meetings
- at which the Society may have a right to vote. The Board or the President
- from time to time may confer like powers upon any other person or
- persons.
-
-
- ARTICLE VI
- MEMBERS
-
- Section 1. The Society shall have two classes of members:
- Organizational Members and Individual Members.
-
- Section 2. The Society shall have the following categories of
- Organizational Members:
-
- (1) Charter Members: The following organizations:
-
- (a) Corporation for National Research Initiatives
- (b) Educom
- (c) RARE
- (d) Such additional non-profit organizations, not more than three in
- number, as may be approved as Charter Members by unanimous
- vote of the then-existing Charter Members and by the
- affirmative vote of at least four-fifths of the members of the
- Board of Trustees then in office.
-
- (2) Regular Organizational Members:
-
- (a) Each organization which contributes to the Society a total of at
- least $10,000 during the Society's particular fiscal year; or, for
- years subsequent to the first year, such other amount as the
- Board of Trustees may specify for this class of member.
- (b) Each organization which is organized in the United States of
- America as a non-profit organization or is similarly organized
- in other countries, or is an agency of a national, regional or
- local government, may be a Regular Organizational Member of
- the Society at a 50% discount in annual contribution.
-
- (3) Start-up Members: A newly-formed organization may, during the
- first three years of its operation, be a member of the Society upon
- contributing a total of at least $1,000 during the Society's particular fiscal
- year. Founding Member status is not available to an organization which
- is a Start-up Member. The 50% discount does not apply to the Start-up
- Member rate.
-
- Section 3. The Society shall have the following categories of Individual
- Members:
-
- (1) Regular Individual Members: Each individual who contributes to
- the Society the sum of $70 during the Society's particular fiscal
- year; or, for years subsequent to the first year, such other amount
- as the Board of Trustees may specify for this class of member.
-
- (2) Student Members: Each bona fide full-time student who contributes
- to the Society the sum of $25 during the Society's particular fiscal
- year; or, for years subsequent to the first year, such other amount
- as the Board of Trustees may specify for this class of member.
- Student Members shall be non-voting members of the Society.
-
- Section 4. The Society shall have the following special member
- designations:
-
- (1) Founding Members:
-
- (a) Each for-profit organization which contributes to the Society a
- total of at least $20,000 during the period ending December 31,
- 1993, as long as such organization thereafter continues to be a
- Regular Organizational Member of the Society.
- (b) Each organization which is organized in the United States of
- America as a non-profit organization or is similarly organized
- in other countries, or is an agency of a national, regional or
- local government, and contributes a total of at least $10,000
- during the period ending December 31, 1993, as long as such
- organization thereafter continues to be a Regular Organizational
- Member of the Society.
-
- (2) Pioneer Members: Each Regular Individual Member and each
- Student Member who joined during the period June 1 - December 31, 1991,
- shall be designated a Pioneer Member and shall retain that designation so
- long as Individual Member status is maintained.
-
- Section 5. The Board of Trustees from time to time may establish
- additional classes and categories of members.
-
- Section 6. The Society shall have such meetings of its members as the
- Board of Trustees shall from time to time fix.
-
-
- ARTICLE VII
- MISCELLANEOUS
-
- Section 1. The Secretariat function of the Society shall be furnished by
- Corporation for National Research Initiatives during the Society's Initial
- Period of Operations; and thereafter the Secretariat function shall be
- carried on as the Board of Trustees may determine.
-
- Section 2. Funds received payable to Internet Society shall be
- maintained by Corporation for National Research Initiatives in a segregated
- account or accounts, and utilized solely for Internet Society purposes.
-
- Section 3. Funds contributed or advanced by the Charter Members to
- establish and further the activities of the Society shall be duly recorded
- and shall be subject to reimbursement by the Society if and when the
- financial situation of the Society permits. In the event of the dissolution
- of the Society, any residual Society funds shall be used to reimburse pro
- rata the Charter Members for any such contributions and advances made
- but not previously reimbursed.
-
- Section 4. The President is authorized to establish an Advisory Council
- consisting of a representative of each Founding Member and each Regular
- Organizational Member of the Society.
-
- Section 5. The Society's fiscal year shall be the calendar year. The
- Society's official monetary unit shall be the United States dollar.
-
- Section 6. English shall be the official language of the Society.
-
- Section 7. The Society may maintain liaison with other professional
- societies and similar organizations, wherever located, on activities which
- further the objectives of the Society, on such terms as the Board of
- Trustees may approve.
-
-
- ARTICLE VIII
- AMENDMENTS
-
- Section 1. These By-Laws may be altered, amended, or repealed by the
- affirmative vote of at least four-fifths of the members of the Board of
- Trustees then in office, at any meeting of the Board if notice of such
- proposed action be contained in the notice of such meeting; provided,
- however, that no amendment may be made which adversely affects the
- rights of a Charter Member without the unanimous consent of all then-
- existing Charter Members.
-